I begin with praise while invoking prayer upon -Muhammad, the best Prophet ever sent.
And these are a number of the divisions of Hadīth - while each one has come and its definition.
The first of them is the Sahīh (tradition) and it is what has connected – its chain, and has displayed neither solitariness nor weakness.
A virtuous and perceptive person narrates it from one like himself – while being reliable in his perceptiveness and transmission.
And the Hasan (tradition) is the one whose chains of narration are known and there have come – its transmitters well known, (but) not like (those of) the Sahīh (tradition).
And all of what falls short of the rank of goodness (Husn) – then it is Da’īf. And it is of many divisions.
And what is attributed to the Prophet is (called) Marfū’ – And what is (attributed) to the Successor is (called) Maqtū’.
And the Musnad (tradition) is what is connected from – its narrator up to Mustafā and hasn’t been severed.
And what by every narrator hearing (it) connected is – its chain to Mustafā then it is Muttasil.
Musalsal, say: (it is) what has come upon a (particular) description – like: “Oh! By Allah, the boy told me!”
Likewise: “He told me it while standing” – or: “After he told me, he smiled.”
‘Azīz is related by two or three (narrators) – Mashhūr is related by beyond what is three.
Mu’an’an is like: “From Sa’id – from Karam” – And Mubham is what has in it a narrator who hasn’t been named.
And all of whose transmitters are few is elevated (in status) - And its opposite is that one which has descended (in strength).
And whatever you have attributed to the Companions of – a statement or action then it is Mauqūf. It is known.
And (in) Mursal the Companion falls from it – And say: “Gharīb is what only one narrator relates.”
And all of what hasn’t connected at all – its chain is of severed ties (Munqati’).
And the Mu’dal (tradition) is the one from which two are dropped – And what comes as Mudallas is two types:
(1) The first is the dropping of the Shaikh and to – relate from he who is above him while using “From…” and “…that.”
(2) And the second, he doesn’t leave him out. Rather he describes – his characteristics with that by which he isn’t known.
(3) And what by which a trustworthy one contravenes the majority – Then (it is) Shādhdh. And Maqlūb is two divisions that follow:
(1) Substituting a narrator for what has (a different) narrator is a division – (2) and inverting a chain to a (different) text is a division.
And the Fard (tradition) is what you have bound, one who is trustworthy – or a group or a region, to a (single) narration.
And whatever has an obscure or subtle weakness is – Mu’allal. With them it is known.
And the possessor of discrepancy in a (shared) chain or (shared) text is -Mudtarib according to the People of the Art.
And matters interpolated (Mudrajāt) in hadiths are what have come – from some of the words, of the narrators, that are connected.
And what each peer narrates on the authority of his brother – is Mudabbaj. Know it properly, and be proud!
(A name) agreeing (with another) in pronunciation and spelling is (called) Muttafiq – And its opposite in what we’ve mentioned is (called) Muftariq.
Mů-talif agrees in spelling alone – And its opposite is (called) Muķhtalif. So beware of erring!
And the Munkar (tradition) is the Fard (tradition) that one narrator has come with – His vindication cannot strengthen the lone-narration.
The Matrūk of it[1] is what one is alone with – and they have unanimously agreed upon his weakness. So it is like a spurious (tradition).
And the lie that is concocted and manufactured – upon the Prophet, that is the Maudū’ (narration).
And it has come like the hidden pearl – I entitled it Manzhūmat Al-Baiqūnū.
Beyond Thirty-by-Four thus have come – their divisions, finished. With goodness, they are sealed.
[1] I.e. hadiths.
Source: http://www.turntoislam.com/forum/showthread.php?t=17441Statistik: Postat av b — fre feb 25, 2011 18:29
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